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Which is Better: FDM or Resin 3D Printing? [2023]
Welcome to the Best 3D Printer Awards™ blog, where we provide extensive and exhaustive information about 3D printing technology. Today, we are going to explore the age-old debate of FDM vs Resin 3D printing. Both technologies have their strengths and weaknesses, and understanding them will help you make an informed decision. So, let's dive in and discover which is better: FDM or Resin?
Table of Contents
- Introduction
- FDM vs Resin: A Closer Look
- FDM Printing
- Resin Printing
- Comparison: FDM vs Resin
- FAQ
- Quick Tips and Facts
- Our Recommendation
- Useful Links
- References
Introduction
3D printing has revolutionized the manufacturing industry and has become increasingly accessible to hobbyists and professionals alike. Among the various 3D printing technologies, FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) and Resin printing are two popular choices. FDM printers use filament-based materials, while resin printers use liquid photopolymer resins. Each technology has its unique advantages and disadvantages, making the choice between them dependent on your specific needs.
FDM vs Resin: A Closer Look
Before we dive into the specifics of each printing method, it's important to understand the fundamental differences between FDM and Resin printing.
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FDM Printing: FDM 3D printers use a heated nozzle to melt filament material, which is then deposited layer by layer to build the desired object. This process is known as extrusion. FDM printing is known for its versatility, affordability, and ease of use, making it a popular choice among hobbyists and makers.
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Resin Printing: Resin 3D printers use a vat of liquid photopolymer resin that is selectively cured by a light source (typically UV) to create the desired object layer by layer. This process is known as curing or photopolymerization. Resin printing is known for its high level of detail, smooth surface finish, and ability to produce complex geometries.
Now that we have a brief overview of the two technologies, let's explore each method in more detail.
FDM Printing
How does FDM Printing Work?
FDM printers work by melting a filament material and extruding it through a heated nozzle. The extruded filament is deposited layer by layer onto a build plate, gradually building up the object. The melted filament quickly solidifies, bonding each layer together.
FDM printers typically use filaments made from materials such as PLA (polylactic acid) and ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene). They offer a wide range of material options, including flexible filaments, wood-infused filaments, metallic filaments, and more.
Pros and Cons of FDM Printing
Before you decide whether FDM printing is the right choice for you, let's take a look at the pros and cons:
Pros:
- Affordability: FDM printers are generally more affordable upfront compared to resin printers.
- Versatility: FDM printers can use a wide range of filaments with different properties, allowing for greater flexibility in material choice.
- Ease of Use: FDM printers are relatively easier to set up and operate, making them suitable for beginners.
Cons:
- Lower Resolution: FDM prints tend to have lower resolution and surface finish compared to resin prints.
- Support Structures: Complex geometries often require support structures, which can be time-consuming to remove and may leave marks on the final print.
- Layer Lines: FDM prints have visible layer lines due to the deposition of filament layer by layer.
Resin Printing
How does Resin Printing Work?
Resin printers utilize a vat of liquid photopolymer resin. The printer's build plate is lowered into the resin, and a light source, typically a UV LED or laser, selectively cures the resin layer by layer. As each layer is cured, the build plate gradually rises, building the object vertically.
Resin printers offer exceptional printing precision and can produce highly detailed and complex models. They are commonly used in industries such as jewelry making, dentistry, and prototyping.
Pros and Cons of Resin Printing
Let's take a closer look at the advantages and disadvantages of resin printing:
Pros:
- High Level of Detail: Resin printers are capable of producing prints with incredibly fine details, smooth surface finish, and no visible layer lines.
- Wide Range of Resins: Resin printers offer a variety of resin options, including standard, tough, flexible, castable, and more, catering to different applications.
- Print Quality: The final output of resin printing is often of higher quality compared to FDM printing.
Cons:
- Cost: Resin printers usually have a higher upfront cost compared to FDM printers, and the cost of resin can be more expensive per unit of volume.
- Toxicity and Odor: Resin printing involves handling liquid chemicals, which can emit strong odors and could be potentially hazardous if not handled properly.
- Post-Processing: Resin prints require additional post-processing steps, such as washing and UV curing, to ensure proper curing and removal of excess resin.
Comparison: FDM vs Resin
Now that we have explored the inner workings and pros and cons of both FDM and Resin printing, let's compare them side by side:
| Features | FDM Printing | Resin Printing |
|---|---|---|
| Cost | Affordable | Higher upfront cost, more expensive resin |
| Material Options | Wide range | Limited resin options |
| Print Resolution | Lower | Higher |
| Surface Finish | Visible layer lines | Smooth, no visible layer lines |
| Post-Processing | Support removal, sanding, and painting | Washing, UV curing, and removal of excess resin |
| Applications | Prototyping, functional parts, large prints | Highly detailed models, jewelry, dental, miniatures |
FAQ
Is resin or filament printer better?
Deciding whether resin or filament printing is better depends on your specific needs and requirements. If you need highly detailed prints with a smooth surface finish, resin printing might be the better choice. On the other hand, if you prioritize affordability, material versatility, and ease of use, a filament printer may suit you better.
What is the difference between resin and FDM?
The main difference between resin and FDM printing lies in the materials used and the printing process. Resin printing utilizes liquid photopolymer resins cured by a light source, while FDM printing uses filament-based materials extruded through a heated nozzle.
Are resin 3D prints stronger?
Resin prints are known for their high level of detail and smooth surface finish but may not be as strong as prints made from some filament materials. Filaments such as ABS and nylon tend to offer better mechanical properties and durability compared to resin prints.
Quick Tips and Facts
- Both FDM and resin printing have their own unique strengths and weaknesses.
- FDM printers are more affordable and offer greater material versatility, while resin printers produce highly detailed prints with a smooth surface finish.
- FDM prints have visible layer lines, while resin prints have no visible layer lines.
- Post-processing is required for both FDM and resin prints, but the steps differ.
- Resin prints may emit strong odors and require proper handling and ventilation.
Our Recommendation
After considering all the factors, it's ultimately up to you to decide which 3D printing technology best meets your needs. If you're just getting started with 3D printing or prioritize material versatility and affordability, an FDM printer may be the way to go. However, if you require highly detailed and intricate prints with a smooth surface finish, a resin printer would be a better choice.
Remember to consider your budget, desired print quality, and specific applications before making your decision. Don't hesitate to reach out to our team at Best 3D Printer Awards™ if you need further guidance!
Useful Links
References
